考博英语
之副词的使用,请作参考:
有些形容词与副词同形,但有着不同的句法功能。如:
We had an early breakfast.
We had breakfast early.
early在第一句中是形容词,做定语;在第二句中是副词,做状语。有些表示时间的如:daily,weekly,quarterly,monthly,yearly也能做如此用法。
兼有两种形式的副词
有些副词有两种形式:一是与形容词同形,二是由该形容词加-1y构成。这两种不同的形式,有些含义相同,有些略有不同,有些完全不同。如:
1.close做“近”解:
He lives close to the school.
He was following close behind.
做其他解释时用closely:
Watch what I do closely.
The prisonswere closely guarded..
2.dead做“突然地,完全地”解:
She stopped dead.
在非正式用语中作“完全地”“直接地”解:
He was dead tired.
The wind was dead againstus.
deadly做“死一般地”或“非常”解,
例如:deadly pale,deadly serious,deadly dull等。
3.direct做“直线地”“不绕圈子地”解:
The train goes there direct.
Then extflight doesn’t go direct to Rome;it goes by way of Paris.
做“直接地”解时用directly:
He was looking directlyatus.
She answered me very directly an dopenly.
directly也可以做“立即”或“马上”解:
Answer me directly.
Let‘s meet directly after lunch.
有些词,如:above,in,on,around,away,off等,在与动词搭配时,其后面没有宾语,这些词是做副词。请看以下例句:
They looked around.
Let’s goon with the work.
上面两句中的around和on都是副词。
副词的词序
1.副词修饰形容词、副词时,通常放在被修饰词的前面。
The building is very high.
He came long before the appointed time.
2.副词修饰动词。
不及物动词+副词:She speaks well.
及物动词+受词+副词:She speaks English well.
3.地点副词和时间副词可置于句首或句末,放在句首时语气较强。
IwasborninZhejiangin1963.
4.频度副词的位置。
在一般动词前:They always say so.
有be动词时,在be动词后:
I am always busy.
有助动词时,在助动词和本动词之间:This job will never be finished.
5.两个以上的副词词序。单位较小者+单位较大者:
The school is situatedat the fifth street,Beijing,China.
6.两个以上不种类的副词词序。
地点+状态+次数+时间:
She arrived there safely the other day.
程度十状态+地点十时间:
They played fairly well there yesterday.
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